Tuncay Nas*1,
Mustafa F. Sargon 2, H. Hamdi Çelik 2, Pinar Ozcan Keskin1,
Rıfat Gürsoy R1, Kutay Biberoğlu 1

1Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine

Ankara,
Turkey

2Department
of Anatomy, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Ankara, Turkey

*Corresponding
Author:

Address                : Gazi University Faculty of
Medicine,

  Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology,

  06510
Besevler-Ankara, Turkey

Fax                       : 0090 312 2124647

e-mail                            : tunnas@gazi.edu.tr

Summary:

Objective:
To investigate the effect of tibolone, conjugated estrogen+medroxyprogesterone
acetate (CE+MPA), tamoxifen regimens on the ultrastructure of the
postmenopausal endometrium.

Methods: We
investigated ultrastructure of endometria of three different groups of
postmenopausal women receiving either tibolone 2.5 mg/day, 0.625 mg conjugated
estrogen plus 5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate, tamoxifen 20 mg/day at least 6
months of duration of use and control group. There were 5 patients in each
group. We performed endometrial biopsy to the all cases and endometrial tissues
were examined under the transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Results: In
tibolone group, electron microscopy of endometrial specimen showed minimally
active cells with heterohromatic nuclei moderately increased quantity of
organelles. In patients receiving CE+MPA hyperplasia of endometrial cells was
striking. There were active cells with increased number of endoplasmic
reticulum, mitochondria and golgi apparatus. The cells had dilated golgi
apparatus. These findings implied increased synthesis capability of endometrial
cells. Endometrium of CE+MPA group ultrastructurally resembled proliferative
phase of normal endometrium. Patients receiving tamoxifen had inactive
endometrium with heterochromatic nucleus.

Conclusion:
The most active cells among three regimens were observed in CE+MPA users. The
least active cells were seen in the endometrium of the tamoxifen users. The
ultrastructural findings of tibolone were in between CE+MPA and tamoxifen
users. None of these regimens showed ultrastructural similarities with
unopposed estrogen use or endometrial carcinoma.

Key words:
Tibolone, conjugated estrogen, medroxyprogesterone acetate, tamoxifen,
postmenopausal endometrium,

دراسة التركيب الدقيق لثلاثة أنظمة و تأثيرها على
النساء  اللاتى يتبعنها :

هرمون تايبولون و تأثيره على الأغشية المخاطية لجدار
الرحم بعد فترة الانقطاع الطمثى و هرمون تاموكسفين و هرمونات استروجين المقترنة و
أسيتات ميدروكسى بروجسترون.

تونكاى ناس ، مصطفى ف . سارجون ، هـ . حمدى شيليك ،
بينار أوزكان كيسكين ، رفعت جورسوى ر ، كوتاى يلبيروغلو

مراسلة المؤلف:

العنوان:  جامعة
جازى – كلية الطب قسم أمراض النساء و التوليد

06510 بيسلفر – أنقرة – تركيا

هاتف :  0090 312 2025945

فاكس: 0090 312 2124647

البريد الالكتروني:  tunnas@gazi.edu.tr

المجمل:

الأهداف : 

الأساليب :

قمنا بفحص التركيب الدقيق للأغشية المخاطية المتضمنة
الطبقة الداخلية لجدار الرحم (Endometria) على ثلاث مجموعات مختلفة من
نساء انقطع لديهن الطمث و يتناولن إما هرمون تايبولون بنسبة( 2,5)  ملليجرام فى اليوم ، أو هرمونات إيستروجين
المقترنة بنسبة  (0,625 ) ملليجرام
بالإضافة إلى (5) ملليجرام من أسيتات هرمون أدروكسى بروجسترون أو هرمون تاموكسفين
بنسبة( 20) ملليجرام فى اليوم لمدة ستة أشهر على الأقل. كان هناك خمس مريضات فى كل
مجموعة.

لقد قمنا باستئصال نسيج من الغشاء المخاطى لجدار الرحم و
دراسته مجهرياً و تم ذلك لكل الحالات كما تم اختبار أنسجة الأغشية المخاطية تحت
المجهر.

النتائج:

بالنسبة لمجموعة النساء اللاتى يتناولن هرمون تايبولون
أظهرت إجهارية الإلكترون لعينات الأغشية المخاطية لجدار الرحم أنه على الأقل
الخلايا النشطة مع النوى الكروزومية الخاملة زودت بشكل طفيف كم من أجزاء من
الخلايا. كان العدد الزائد من خلايا الأغشية المخاطية لجدار الرحم للمريضات اللاتى
تناولن (CE +MPA) عدداً لافتا للنظر.

كان هناك خلايا نشطه مع عدد زائد من الشبكان
الإندوبلازمية و الميتوكوندريا و  جهاز
جولجى.

فقد عملت الخلايا على توسع جهاز جولجى. هذه الاكتشافات
قد أوحت بقدرات اصطناعية زائدة لخلايا الغشاء المخاطى لجدار الرحم.

و قد تشابه الغشاء المخاطى لجدار الرحم لمجموعة النساء
اللاتى يستخدمن ( CE + MPA) بشكل دقيق مع طورمتنامى من
الغشاء المخاطى لغطاء الرحم.

الخاتمة:

تم ملاحظة أنشط الخلايا من بين الثلاث نظم على النساء اللاتى
يتناولن (CE + MPA)  أما أقل الخلايا نشاطاً تم رؤيتها فى الغشاء
المخاطى (إندوميتريم) للنساء اللاتي يتناولن الهرمون الاصطناعي ( تاموكسفين)

أما اكتشافات التركيب الدقيق لهرمون ( تايبولون) كانت من
خلال النساء اللاتى يستخدمن (CE + MPA)  و اللاتي يستخدمن (تاموكسفين)

لم  يُظهٍِِِِِِر
أي من هذه الأنظمة أي تشابهات في التراكيب الدقيقة مع الاستروجين بدون أي معارضة
أو مع سرطان غشاء الرحم.

 الكلمات
الرئيسية:

Biological studies help to control
pests, including crop pests such as locusts; pests of stored foods such as
flour beetles; and pests that attack structures such as termites. They also
help to control disease carriers such as the mosquito.

Above all, biology helps us understand ourselves and the world we live in.
The great ideas of biology-evolution, the living being in its environment, the
chemical and physical basis of life-have influenced all fields of human
thought.

إن الدراسات البيولوجية تساعد على
مكافحة الآفات بما فى ذلك آفات المحاصيل مثل الجراد؛ و آفات الطعام المخزون مثل
خنفسات الدقيق والآفات التى تهاجم بنية أى كائن حي مثل النمل الأبيض. كما تساعد
هذه الدراسات على مكافحة ناقل المرض مثل البعوض.

قبل كل شىء يساعدنا علم اللأحياء على
فهم أنفسنا وفهم العالم الذى نعيش فيه. إن الأفكار العظيمة حول تطور علم الأحياء والكائن
الحى فى بيئته والأساس الكيميائى والفيزيقى للحياة قد أثرت على مختلف مجالات الفكر
الإنسانى.

القسم : الإعجاز
العلمي في القرآن والسنه                            

   Professor Alfred Corose, one of the most famous
geologists in the world, attended a geological conference at the Faculty of
Earth Sciences (FES) at King Abdulaziz
University (KAAU).  I asked him: “Do you
have any pretexts that the Arab Peninsula – the land of Arabs – was orchards
and rivers? This desert that you see now was orchards and gardens in the past…”  He said: “Yes this is a well-known matter for
us. It is considered a scientific fact that geologists are aware of because if
you dig in any place (in the Arab Peninsula), you will find the remains that
prove to you that this land was prairies and rivers. There are many
proofs.  Let me inform you that Al-Faw
Village which was discovered under the sand of Al Rabe’ Al
Khali is one of these places. There are many
proofs concerning this point. I said to him: “This is a firm, real issue that
is known to us as geologists. We evaluate it accurately. Roughly we can say so.
In addition, it is a matter that occurred not too long ago.  I asked:

 “Why?”
He said: “Because we studied the history of Earth in the past and we found out
that it passes several eras; one of which is an era called Ice Ages.” I said: “What
is the meaning of the Ice Age?” He said: “It means that an amount of sea water
changes to ice and accumulates in the arctic. Then it flows towards the South.
When it moves towards the South, it covers what is beneath it and changes the
climate of Earth. Among these changes that occur to the climate there is a
change that takes place in the land of Arabs (Arab Peninsula). Then, the climate
becomes cold and the countries of Arabs become among the rainiest countries along
with rivers.” While pondering of what he was saying, I linked between the
floods and the rains in the area of Abha and between those which occur in the
North of Europe. Then I said to him: Can you prove it? He said: “Yes. This is
an indispensable fact”. I said to him “listen! Who informed prophet Muhammed (peace
and prayer be upon him) about that? All that is mentioned in a Hadith narrated
by Imam Muslim saying “Prophet Muhammed (peace and prayer be upon him) says:
The Judgement day never comes till the land of Arabs returns to be pairies and
rivers”. Who told Prophet Muhammed that the land of Arabs was pairies and
rivers? Then he pondered and said: “The Romans”. I said to him: “Who told him (the
prophet) that the land of Arabs will become pairies and rivers once again?” He
kept thinking and finally said: (A High supreme Power!!). Then I said to him: “Write
it down”. He wrote: “I was surprised by the scientific facts which I found in
the Holy Qura’an and Sunnah. We were not able to prove them till the recent
days by the modern scientific methods. This proves that Prophet Muhammed (peace
and prayer be upon him) did not reach this knowledge except by a revelation
from Heaven. Al Zidani said: “Dear generous brothers, this is the attitude of
the big German athiest. My feeling of the responsibility of the Muslim nation
towards its religion increased. I see that once the top leaders of the world
get facts, they convert to Islam. Not only do they convert but they also spread
Islam and write about it in their books courageously. Then, I said to myself: “
If there were a serious work to be done by the Nation of Islam as well as
Universities,  in a ten – year time the third of the
scientists of the world would convert to Islam within  ten or fifteen years. I swear that the
meeting between the German geologist and me took only two hours and a half and
then he said all that. He is one of the giants of science. He admits all that
to prove that there is one science, one truth and one deity and that there is a
serious effort exerted by Muslims. He found that the right is within our hands
– the right that no falsehood can approach at all. This is an age where
everything is subject to Science. But we are at the beginning of the age of the
subjection of science to Islam and Qura’an. It is the right. Allah says: “We
will show them Our Signs in the universe, and in their own selves, until it
becomes manifest to them that this (the Qur’an) is the truth. Is it not
sufficient in regard to your Lord that He is a Witness over all things?”

Fussilat (53).

Source: Science:
Pathway to Faith

By: Sheikh
Abdul Majid Al Zindani

Section:
Scientific Miracles in Qur’an and Sunnah
Translated By: Mohamed Ansary